Present Indefinite Tense ( वर्तमान अनिश्चित काळ ) ( does not, do not )

( a, e, i, o, u ) y = s

( consonant ) y = ies

Use

1. Habit
2. Daily Routine
3. Universal Truth
4. Newspaper Heading 

Ex. कोंबडी अंडी देते, पृथ्वी सूर्याभोवती फिरते , तो मंदिरात जातो 

Case 1

Positive and Negative Sentences

P - तो मंदिरात जातो.

N - तो मंदिरात नाही जात. 

P - तू इंग्रजी बोलतो. 

N - तू इंग्रजी नाही बोलत. 

1. Positive Sentence

        S     +     V1 ( s/ es/ ies )     +     O

Rule 1. 

   i. Singular Subject :

           जर सुबजेक्ट [ He, She, It, Ram, Shyam, Child, etc ] असेल तर ( s / es / ies ) चा वापर करणे. 

   

   ii. Plural Subject :

          जर सुबजेक्ट [ I, You, We, They, People, Children , etc ] असेल तर ( s / es / ies ) चा वापर नाही करणे. 

2. Negative Sentence

        S     +     do not / does not     +     V1     +     O

Rule 2. 

   i. Singular Subject : ( does not )

           जर सुबजेक्ट [ He, She, It, Ram, Shyam, Child, etc ] असेल तर ( he does not, she does not, it does not ) चा वापर करणे. 

   

   ii. Plural Subject : ( do not )

          जर सुबजेक्ट [ I, You, We, They, People, Children , etc ] असेल तर ( i do not, you do not, we do not ) चा वापर नाही करणे. 

Example: -

P 1. - मी शाळेत जातो ( I go to school )

N 1.- मी शाळेत नाही जात. ( I do not go to school)

P 2. - तो शाळेत जातो  ( He goes to school )

N 2. - तो शाळेत जात नाही ( He does not go to school )

P 3. -  ती मंदिरात जाते ( She goes to the temple )

N 3. -  ती मंदिरात नाही जात. ( She does not go to the temple )

P 4. - तो मला शिव्या देतो ( He abuses  me )

N 4 - ती मला शिव्या देती  ( She does not abuse me.

P 5. -  मी इंग्रजी शकतो. ( I teach English )

N 5 - मी इंग्रजी नाही शिकत.  ( i do not teach English )

1. ते इंग्रजी शिकवतात . ( They teach English )

२. ते इंग्रजी नाही शिकवत . ( They do not teaches English )

1. तुझा भाऊ इंग्रजी शकवतो ( Your Brother teach english )

२. तुझा  भाऊ इंग्रजी शिकवत नाही  ( Your brother does not teach english )

१. झाडे आपल्याला ऑक्सिजन देतात. (the Trees gives Oxygen )

२. झाडे आपल्याला ऑक्सिजन देत नाही ( The trees do not gives us oxygen.

the dog does not brak

The dogs brak.

the dogs do not brak.

the birds flies in the sky

the bird does not fly in the sky

the birds fly in the sky

the bird do not fly in the sky

He lives in chandigad

he does not live in chandigad

he thinks a lot

he does not think a lot

we study

we do not study

she works here ( ithe )

she does not work here

ravi works there ( tithe )

ravi does not work there

it rains

it does not rain  

it snows in shimla

it does not snow in shimla

the sun shines

the sun does not shine

The sun rises in east

the sun does not rises in east

case 2. 

Interrogative Sentences 

Positive and negative sentences

        अशे वाक्य ज्यामध्ये ( का ? ) वापरलेला असतो. व त्याचे उत्तर ( हो किंवा नाही ) मध्ये असते

  ex. 

P - तुम्ही फिरायला जाता का?

N - तुम्ही फिरायला नाही जाता का?

Rule: - 

1 positive sentence

`        Do / Does + S + V1 + O?

2. Negative sentence

        Do / Does + S + not + V1 + O ?

singular sentence

            जर सुबजेक्ट [ He, She, It, Ram, Shyam, Child, etc ] असेल तर (does he, does she, does it, does ram, does shyam......) चा वापर करणे. 

Plural sentence

        जर सुबजेक्ट [ I, You, We, They, People, Children , etc ] असेल तर (do i, do you , do we , do they....) चा वापर नाही करणे. 

Ex. 

P - do you go for walk ( तुम्ही फिरायला जाता का?) 

N -  do you not go for walk ( तुम्ही फिरायला नाही जात का? )

P -  Do you abuse? ( तुम्ही शिव्या देता? )

N - do you not abuse ?  ( तुम्ही शिव्या नाही देता? )

P - Does the hen lay the eggs?

N - Does the hen not lay the eggs?

P - Does she worship?

N- does she not worship?

P - Do they Pray to god?

N - do they not pray to god?

P - Do you live in chandigad?

N- Do you not live in chandigad?

P - Do I know him?

N- Do i not know him?

P - Do you know me?

N- Do you not Know me?

P- Does he know us?

N- Does he not know us?

P - Do we know them?

N- Do we not know them?

P - Does he go home in the evening?

N- Does he not go home in the evening?

P - Does he go to your home ?

N- does he not go to your home?

P- Do Children speak the truth ?

N- Do not children speak the truth?

P - Do children tell the lie?

N- do not children tell the lie?

P- Do you speak english every day ?

N- Do you not speak english every day?

Case 3

Wh family Sentences

Positive and Negative sentences

            अशे वाक्य ज्याचे उत्तर ( हो किंवा नाही ) मध्ये असते. आणि ( 

काय - what,

 कधी- when,

 कसे - how, 

कुठे - where, 

का - why, 

कोणते- which, 

कोणाला - whom, 

कोणाचा - whose) 

Ex. 

P - तू काय करतो ?

N - तू काय नाही करत ?

 Rule 

    positive Sentences

            Wh + do / does + S + V1 + O?

    

    Negative Sentences

            Wh + do / does + S + not + V1 + O ?

P- Where does he work?

N - Where does he not work?

P - Why do you worship?

N - Why do you not worship?

P - What do you do?

N - What do not you do?

P- Why does he abuse?

N- Why does not he abuse?

P - How does the sun shine?

N - How does not the sun shine?

P - How do the stars twinkle?

N - How do not the star twinkle?

P - Why do you pluck the flowers?

N- Why do not you pluck the flowers?

P - Why do you not take a bath in the morning?

P - Where do you go for a walk?

Whom do you wait for?

whome do you talk to?